REGULATION GUIDE

Section 722 EV Charging: Complete BS 7671 Electric Vehicle Guide

Everything you need to know about EV charger installations under BS 7671 Section 722. Dedicated circuits, RCD selection, PME earthing restrictions under Regulation 722.411.4.1, earth electrodes, load management, and cable sizing.

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20 min readUpdated 2026-07-02Andrew Moore, Founder of Elec-Mate

Written and reviewed by Andrew Moore, founder of Elec-Mate, against BS 7671:2018+A4:2026, IET Guidance Note 3 and the IET On-Site Guide.

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The short answer

What is BS 7671 Section 722?

Section 722 of BS 7671 sets the requirements for electric vehicle charging installations. It covers protection against electric shock — including the loss-of-PEN risk on TN-C-S (PME) supplies — RCD protection with DC fault detection for each charge point, disconnection times, and external influences. A4:2026 also allows load curtailment to be considered when assessing maximum demand.

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Key takeaways

  1. 01Each EV charging point gets its own dedicated final circuit with appropriate RCD protection. The IET On-Site Guide states it directly at 4.6.4 — a dedicated circuit shall be provided for the connection to electric vehicles — and the IET Code of Practice for EV Charging Equipment Installation carries the practical detail. There is no single numbered regulation for it in Section 722, which is worth knowing if you are asked to cite it.
  2. 02Regulation 722.411.4.1 restricts PME (TN-C-S) earthing for EV charging. The trigger is precise: a charging point located outdoors, or one that might reasonably be expected to be used to charge a vehicle outdoors. Where that applies, the PME facility must not be used as the means of earthing for the protective conductor contact unless one of the alternative methods in 722.411.4.1 (b) to (e) is applied.
  3. 03Regulation 722.531.3 requires RCD protection for EV charging circuits. A charger with an integral RDC-DD (to BS IEC 62955:2018) enables use of a Type A RCD; without integral DC leakage detection, a Type B RCD is required.
  4. 04Load management (smart charging) is essential where the existing supply cannot support the additional EV charging demand without exceeding the supply capacity.
  5. 05The IET Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Installation provides detailed guidance supplementing BS 7671 Section 722.

01 · Regulation Guide

Section 722: Electric Vehicle Charging Installations

Section 722 of BS 7671:2018+A4:2026 sets out the particular requirements for the supply of electric vehicles. With the UK government mandate to phase out new petrol and diesel car sales, EV charger installation has become one of the fastest-growing areas of electrical work.

Section 722 covers Mode 2 (portable charger plugged into a domestic socket — not recommended for regular use), Mode 3 (dedicated wall-mounted or post-mounted charger with control pilot), and Mode 4 (DC rapid charger — typically commercial). Most domestic and small commercial installations are Mode 3.

The IET Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Installation supplements Section 722 with detailed practical guidance on earthing arrangements, cable selection, load management, and commissioning. Both documents should be read together.

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02 · Regulation Guide

Dedicated Circuit Requirements

Each EV charging point should be supplied by its own dedicated final circuit — a separate MCB or RCBO at the distribution board for each charger, with no other loads sharing it. The IET On-Site Guide puts it plainly at 4.6.4: a dedicated circuit shall be provided for the connection to electric vehicles, conforming to Section 722 of BS 7671. The detail sits in the IET Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Installation, which GN3 directs you to for EV-specific requirements. There is no single numbered regulation in Section 722 that says it — so do not cite Regulation 722.312 for it. That group deals with system earthing and conductor arrangement, which is where 722.312.2.1 (no PEN conductor in the charging circuit) sits.

  • Single-phase 7.4kW: the standard domestic charger. 32A dedicated circuit, Type A or Type B RCD (depending on charger specification), earth electrode where PME supply.
  • Single-phase 3.6kW: used where the supply is limited or load management reduces the charge rate. 16A circuit, same RCD and earthing requirements.
  • Three-phase 11kW or 22kW: commercial and some domestic installations. Requires a three-phase supply and 16A or 32A three-phase circuit.

The circuit must be designed as a continuously-rated load — EV charging can run for hours at the full rated current. No diversity can be applied to a single EV charger circuit.

Regulation 722.312.2.1 adds a further requirement for TN systems: the circuit supplying EV charging equipment must not include a PEN conductor (a combined protective earth and neutral). This means the final circuit wiring must use separate PE and N conductors throughout. On a TN-C-S (PME) installation, the separation of PE and N occurs at the origin of the installation; the EV charging circuit must then be wired with a separate earth conductor and must not re-combine the functions of PE and N at any point downstream.

03 · Regulation Guide

RCD Types and Selection

Regulation 722.531.3 requires RCD protection for EV charging circuits, and Regulation 722.531.3.101 is the clause that governs which device you select — it is the regulation Appendix 1 of BS 7671 ties to BS IEC 62955:2018 (RDC-DD for Mode 3 charging) and to BS EN 62423 (Type F and Type B RCDs). The type of RCD depends on the charger design. Where the equipment includes a built-in RDC-DD (Residual Direct Current Detecting Device) to BS IEC 62955:2018, a Type A RCD is permitted. Without integral DC leakage detection, a Type B RCD is required. Separately, where an EV charging point is supplied through an isolating transformer under the electrical separation route, Regulation 722.413.1.2 limits each unearthed source to one vehicle, and Figure A722 in the Annex shows the 30 mA RCD on the transformer secondary placed as close to the transformer as possible.

Charger WITH DC Detection

If the EV charger has built-in DC fault current detection (to 6mA), a Type A RCD (30mA) is sufficient. Most modern Mode 3 smart chargers include this feature. Check the manufacturer data sheet for confirmation. This is the most common and cost-effective arrangement.

Charger WITHOUT DC Detection

If the charger does not include DC fault detection, a Type B or Type B+ RCD is required. Type B RCDs detect both AC and DC residual currents. They are significantly more expensive than Type A (often over 10 times the cost), which is why chargers with integral DC detection are strongly preferred.

The RCD must be rated at 30mA for additional protection. A Type AC RCD must not be used for EV charging circuits — the minimum is Type A. Using a Type AC RCD could fail to detect DC-component fault currents from the vehicle charger electronics, creating a shock risk.

04 · Regulation Guide

Earthing and PME Restrictions: Regulation 722.411.4.1

Regulation 722.411.4.1 is the most significant requirement in Section 722 and the one that causes the most confusion. It restricts the use of PME (TN-C-S) earthing for EV charging installations.

The PME Problem

Most UK domestic supplies are TN-C-S (PME). The combined PEN conductor in the DNO supply cable serves as both neutral and earth. If the PEN conductor breaks (open PEN fault), all metalwork connected to the PME earth rises to a dangerous voltage relative to true earth. Inside the building, the main bonding creates an equipotential zone — so the person touching a radiator and a metal socket faceplate is protected because both are at the same potential.

An EV charger installed outside the building (on a driveway, in a car port, or on an external wall) is outside this equipotential zone. A person standing on the ground while touching the vehicle being charged could receive a shock from the voltage difference between the PME earth and true earth. This is why Regulation 722.411.4.1 requires additional earthing measures.

Get the amendment history right, because it is routinely mis-stated. Indent (a) of Regulation 722.411.4.1 was deleted by BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, and the printed A4:2026 text still carries it as "Deleted by BS 7671:2018+A2:2022". The methods available in the current text are therefore (b), (c), (d) and (e) — four provisions, which is why the regulation is so often described that way. A2:2022 also redrafted the Annex to Section 722: it now gives guidance on the earth electrode for method (b) at Item A722.3 and on the voltage-monitoring device of method (c) at Item A722.4. There is no indent (iv) in the current regulation — that phrasing belongs to the introduction to Amendment 1:2020 and does not appear in the A4:2026 regulation text. Regulation 722.826.3.201 is a separate matter entirely; it concerns prosumer's electrical installations.

So: where the charger is on a PME supply and the charging point is outdoors, or might reasonably be expected to be used to charge a vehicle outdoors, the PME facility must not serve as the means of earthing for the protective conductor contact unless one of the alternatives in 722.411.4.1 (b) to (e) is used. An installation earth electrode under (b) is one of them, not the only one.

05 · Regulation Guide

PME Solutions and Earth Electrodes

The IET Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Installation describes several approaches to satisfy Regulation 722.411.4.1:

  • Installation earth electrode — method (b): connect the main earthing terminal of the installation to an installation earth electrode by a protective conductor complying with Regulation 544.1.1. The PME earthing facility is retained; this is not a conversion of the charger circuit to TT. NOTE 3 to Regulation 722.411.4.1 warns that creating a TT earthing system for the charging equipment, or for the whole installation, as an alternative to methods (b) to (e) may not be an appropriate solution, because sufficient separation from buried metalwork connected to the supply PEN conductor usually cannot be achieved. Where the electrode's protective conductor is buried in the ground, its cross-sectional area must be not less than that given in Table 54.1.
  • Protective earth connection to structural earth: where the building has a suitable structural earth (foundation earth electrode, steel-framed building), this can be used as the earth for the EV circuit.
  • Earth mat: a conductive mat installed beneath the standing area where the user connects the vehicle, bonded to the charger earth. This ensures the user and the charger are at the same potential. Less common in domestic work.
  • Charger with PEN fault detection: some modern chargers include integral PEN fault detection that disconnects the supply if a PEN conductor failure is detected. Where fitted, the PME earth may be used directly. Check the charger manufacturer documentation.

70 V RMS Design Criterion (Reg 722.411.4.1(b))

Where an earth electrode is used under method (b), the electrode resistance must be sized so that the voltage between the main earthing terminal (MET) and true earth does not exceed 70 V RMS in the event of an open-circuit fault in the PEN conductor of the DNO supply. This is a Section 722-specific design criterion — it is not the generic TT formula (Ra × IΔn ≤ 50 V). Annex 722, Item A722.3 gives guidance on calculating the maximum electrode resistance to satisfy the 70 V RMS limit. The electrode resistance must be measured on site and recorded on the EIC.

For TN-S supplies (separate neutral and earth from the DNO), the PME restriction does not apply because there is no PEN conductor. For existing TT supplies, the charger circuit uses the existing TT earth arrangement. Always verify the earthing system type before designing the EV charger circuit.

06 · Regulation Guide

Load Management and Demand

A 7.4kW EV charger adds 32A of continuous load to the installation. The typical UK domestic supply is 60A or 80A (100A in newer properties). Adding an EV charger to a property with an electric shower (40A), electric cooker (30A), and other loads can easily exceed the supply capacity.

  • Maximum demand assessment: before installing an EV charger, assess the maximum demand of the existing installation (using diversity per the IET On-Site Guide) and verify that the supply can support the additional load.
  • Smart charging: the Electric Vehicles (Smart Charge Points) Regulations 2021 require that domestic EV chargers must be "smart" — capable of responding to signals to shift charging to off-peak periods. This is a legal requirement, not optional.
  • Dynamic load management: a CT clamp on the meter tails monitors the total installation demand in real time. The charger reduces its charge rate when other loads are high and increases it when demand drops. This avoids exceeding the supply fuse rating.

If the maximum demand assessment shows the supply is insufficient even with load management, the DNO must be contacted to request a supply upgrade before installation.

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07 · Regulation Guide

Cable Selection and Sizing

The cable for an EV charger circuit must be sized for a continuously-rated 32A load (for 7.4kW) with appropriate correction factors applied:

  • SWA cable: steel wire armoured cable is the standard choice for outdoor runs (driveway, garage, car port). 4mm² 3-core SWA is typically suitable for runs up to 30m at 32A. The SWA armour provides the circuit protective conductor (cpc). SWA must be correctly terminated with glands at both ends.
  • Twin and earth: 6mm² twin and earth (6242Y) is suitable for internal runs (Reference Method C) up to approximately 26m. For longer runs or clipped to a surface outdoors, 10mm² may be required.
  • Voltage drop: Table 4Ab of Appendix 4 gives 3% for lighting and 5% for other uses, measured from the origin of the installation, for a low voltage installation supplied directly from a public distribution system. An EV charger is an "other use", so 5% applies. For a 32A circuit, voltage drop must be checked carefully on longer runs. Use the voltage drop calculator to verify.

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08 · Regulation Guide

External Influences and IP Ratings

EV chargers installed outdoors are subject to environmental conditions that affect equipment selection and cable routing:

  • IP rating: outdoor EV chargers must be rated at least IP54 (protection against dust ingress and water splashing from any direction). Most commercial EV chargers are rated IP54 or IP65 as standard.
  • Mechanical protection: chargers on driveways or car parks must be protected against vehicle impact. Bollards or a raised plinth are common solutions.
  • Cable burial depth: underground SWA cable must be buried at a minimum depth of 500mm (600mm under roads) and protected by cable tiles or ducting. Route markers should be installed.

09 · Regulation Guide

Testing and Certification

The EV charger installation must be tested and certified in accordance with BS 7671. The testing includes:

  • Continuity of protective conductors (including SWA armour if applicable)
  • Insulation resistance (500V DC, minimum 1 megohm)
  • Polarity verification
  • Earth electrode resistance (where a local earth electrode is installed for TT arrangement)
  • Earth fault loop impedance (Zs) — note the maximum Zs for TT with 30mA RCD
  • RCD operation — a single alternating current test at the rated residual operating current (IΔn). A4:2026 deleted Table 3A from Appendix 3, so the old ½x / 1x / 5x sequence no longer applies. Regulation 643.8 deems the RCD verified where it disconnects within 300 ms for a general non-delay type
  • Functional test — verify the charger communicates with the vehicle and charges

An EIC must be issued. The certificate should note the earthing arrangement used for the EV circuit (particularly if a local earth electrode is installed on a PME supply), the RCD type, and the earth electrode resistance. Many installers also complete a specific EV charger certificate alongside the EIC.

Under A4:2026, the Appendix 6 model forms (EIC and EICR) include new fields for recording SPDs (surge protective devices) and AFDDs (arc fault detection devices). Where either device is installed as part of the EV charger circuit, its details must be recorded in the relevant fields. Where no SPD or AFDD is installed, record N/A in those fields. This requirement applies to all EIC certificates issued against BS 7671:2018+A4:2026.

10 · Regulation Guide

For Electricians: Growing Your EV Business

EV charger installation is a high-demand market with strong margins. A typical domestic installation is worth £800 to £1,500 for the electrical work (excluding the charger unit). To install EV chargers, you need competence in the IET Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging (often delivered as a one-day course) and registration with a competent person scheme for Part P self-certification.

Cable Sizing for EV Circuits

Size SWA and twin-and-earth cables for EV charger circuits with the cable sizing calculator. Automatic voltage drop check and derating for burial depth and ambient temperature.

EV Certificates on Your Phone

Complete the EIC and EV charger certificate on site. Record earth electrode resistance, RCD test results, and charger details. Instant PDF to the customer.

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722.411.4.1 PME EV Charging — 4 Provisions

Section 722.411.4.1 BS 7671:2018+A4:2026 sets out four provisions for PME-supplied EV chargers. Learn cable sizing, earthing rules, and compliance checks.

Frequently Asked Questions About Section 722 EV Charging

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